4th Annual Jefferson Urology Symposium: Focus on Urinary Incontinence

© The Canadian Journal of Urology TM : International Supplement, August 2021 References 1. Buckley BS, Lapitan MC, Epidemiology Committee of the Fourth International Consultation on Incontinence, Paris, 2008. Prevalence of urinary incontinence in men, women, and children--current evidence: Findings of the fourth international consultation on incontinence. Urology 2010;76(2):265-270. 2. Sandhu JS, Breyer B, Comiter C et al. Incontinence after prostate treatment: AUA/SUFU guideline. J Urol 2019;202(2):369-378. 3. Jemal A, Culp MB, Ma J, Islami F, Fedewa SA. Prostate cancer incidence 5 years after US preventive services task force recommendations against screening. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021;113(1):64-71. 4. LowranceWT, Eastham JA, Savage C et al. Contemporary open and robotic radical prostatectomy practice patterns among urologists in the United States. J Urol 2012;187(6):2087-2092. 5. Shamliyan TA, Wyman JF, Ping R, Wilt TJ, Kane RL. Male urinary incontinence: prevalence, risk factors, and preventive interventions. Rev Urol 2009;11(3):145-165. 6. Singla N, SinglaAK. Post-prostatectomy incontinence: etiology, evaluation, and management. Turk J Urol 2014;40(1):1-8. 7. Kang SG, Shim JS, Onol F, Bhat KRS, Patel VR. Lessons learned from 12,000 robotic radical prostatectomies: Is the journey as important as the outcome? Investig Clin Urol 2020;61(1):1-10. 8. Coyne KS, Kvasz M, Ireland AM, Milsom I, Kopp ZS, Chapple CR. Urinary incontinence and its relationship to mental health and health-related quality of life in men and women in Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Eur Urol 2012;61(1):88-95. 9. Foote J, Yun S, Leach GE. Postprostatectomy incontinence. pathophysiology, evaluation, andmanagement. Urol Clin North Am 1991;18(2):229-241. Clark ET AL. 42 10. Lepor H, Kaci L, Xue X. Continence following radical retropubic prostatectomy using self-reporting instruments. J Urol 2004;171(3):1212-1215. 11. Buckley BS, Lapitan MC, Glazener CM, MAPS Trial Group. The effect of urinary incontinence on health utility and health- related quality of life in men following prostate surgery. Neurourol Urodyn 2012;31(4):465-469. 12. Comiter CV, DobberfuhlAD. The artificial urinary sphincter and male sling for postprostatectomy incontinence: Which patient should get which procedure? Investig Clin Urol 2016;57(1):3-13. 13. Hoyland K, Vasdev N, Abrof A, Boustead G. Post-radical prostatectomy incontinence: etiology and prevention. Rev Urol 2014;16(4):181-188. 14. Groutz A, Blaivas JG, Chaikin DC, Weiss JP, Verhaaren M. The pathophysiology of post-radical prostatectomy incontinence: A clinical andvideo urodynamic study. J Urol 2000;163(6):1767-1770. 15. Desautel MG, Kapoor R, Badlani GH. Sphincteric incontinence: the primary cause of post-prostatectomy incontinence in patients with prostate cancer. Neurourol Urodyn 1997;16(3):153-160. 16. Song W, Kim CK, Park BK et al. Impact of preoperative and postoperative membranous urethral lengthmeasured by 3 tesla magnetic resonance imaging on urinary continence recovery after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. Can Urol Assoc J 2017;11(3-4):E93-E99. 17. Zwaans BM, Nicolai HG, Chancellor MB, Lamb LE. Challenges and opportunities in radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. Rev Urol 2016;18(2):57-65. 18. de Groat WC, Yoshimura N. Afferent nerve regulation of bladder function in health and disease. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2009;(194):91-138. 19. HoffmanD, VijayV, PengMet al. Effect of radiation onmale stress urinary incontinence and the role of urodynamic assessment. Urology 2019;125:58-63. 20. Rassweiler J, Teber D, Kuntz R, Hofmann R. Complications of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)--incidence, management, and prevention. Eur Urol 2006;50(5):969-79; discussion 980. 21. Cho MC, Park JH, Jeong MS et al. Predictor of de novo urinary incontinence following holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. Neurourol Urodyn 2011;30(7):1343-1349. 22. Kojima M, Inui E, Ochiai A et al. Reversible change of bladder hypertrophy due to benign prostatic hyperplasia after surgical relief of obstruction. J Urol 1997;158(1):89-93. 23. de Nunzio C, Franco G, Rocchegiani A, Iori F, Leonardo C, Laurenti C. The evolution of detrusor overactivity after watchful waiting, medical therapy and surgery in patients with bladder outlet obstruction. J Urol 2003;169(2):535-539. 24. Str ą czy ń ska A, Weber-Rajek M, Strojek K et al. The impact of pelvic floor muscle training on urinary incontinence inmen after radical prostatectomy (RP) - a systematic review. Clin IntervAging 2019;14:1997-2005. 25. Fernández RA, García-Hermoso A, Solera-Martínez M, Correa MT, Morales AF, Martínez-Vizcaíno V. Improvement of continence rate with pelvic floor muscle training post- prostatectomy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Urol Int 2015;94(2):125-132. 26. Milios JE, Ackland TR, Green DJ. Pelvic floor muscle training in radical prostatectomy: A randomized controlled trial of the impacts on pelvic floor muscle function and urinary incontinence. BMC Urol 2019;19(1):116. 27. Sridhar AN, Abozaid M, Rajan P et al. Surgical techniques to optimize early urinary continence recovery post robot assisted radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Curr Urol Rep 2017;18(9):71. 28. Asimakopoulos AD, Topazio L, De Angelis M et al. Retzius- sparing versus standard robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: A prospective randomized comparison on immediate continence rates. Surg Endosc 2019;33(7):2187-2196. can result in mental/emotional distress and reduced quality of life. While SUI following RP is the biggest contributor to IPT, patients can also experience SUI, UUI or mixed incontinence following any modality of treatment for prostate disease. For patients experiencing SUI, conservative therapies like PFMT are important in improving continence and patient quality of life and should be offered as standard of care. When surgical intervention is required, there are options available to patients including AUS, urethral sling, and adjustable balloon device. WhileAUS is considered the most established and versatile treatment, patient factors and preferences must be taken into consideration when determining the correct procedure.